
-> this post is written by Jennifer Chang.
Paul Madonna is an artist from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He studied at the Carnegie Mellon University, and once interned at MAD Magazine as the "First art intern". After graduating in 1994, he moved to San Francisco. In 2003, he created All Over Coffee and posted it weekly on his website. All over coffee is a comic like strip, usually composed with a paragraph of text about moments and details of everyday life, layered on top of a monochromatic ink drawing of landscape that provides the clues to the story setting and completes the mood. The strip was picked up by the S.F. Chronicle running 4 days a week in 2004. In 2007, City Light Books published a collection of All Over Coffee strips in a hardcover edition. Most of the strips in the book were set in San Francisco. Now the strip runs every Sunday in the Chronicle, and on SF Gate.
I met Paul briefly at an art group show 2 years ago, and was fascinated with his style of story telling and drawings of S.F in the strips, which, for me, captured the subtle little details of this city very much. This time for Rose La Biche, I thought he'd be one of the great artists to learn about in the S.F. Bay Area . With honor and Paul's cool generosity, I had the privilege to visit him at his home studio in S.F.
His working place was situated in 2 connected rooms in a Victorian apartment. To my surprise, it was a very neatly organized studio - piles of green Arches watercolor blocks in different sizes on the shelf; pre-mixed different values black ink in glass jars, and each labeled with dates and shades; notebooks neatly arranged by sizes and dates, and each book's chapter contents were clearly labeled on each cover… it was a place charged with creativity and efficiency.
We began our conversations about “All Over Coffee” and his work.
Q: Why did you moved to S.F?
P: I moved to San Francisco for a mix of reasons. I wanted to be in a major city, and also wanted out of Eastern weather, so that eliminated New York. San Francisco had been home to the comics of the 60's and 70's and a place of social change. It was also a small big city and had a vibrant cafe culture.
Q: How do you approach drawings for "All Over Coffee"?
P: When I first started doing the strips on site, I would bring little jam jars of inks with me in this wooden box I made myself that hold them, and some travel sable brushes. So I can bring the box around and have the entire set with me. Materials make all the difference. You've got know how to render and you choose your materials accordingly. For me there are 3 basic elements here, a pad of paper, pens, and inks. I can also bring a little folding stool, and I put all of them in my bag and just go out and draw. It's that immediacy that's very important for me. I love having a studio, it's necessary to come back here and be able to have all the tools here to finish things. But ultimately, I like to know that if it's just me and the bag, I can make something.
So, at a certain point, after I started doing ink washes on site, I realized it takes some time to dry, and you can't work over them really and get the effects you want immediately. I can only get one layer down on site. Also, I'd choose a site and a time of day I want to render, and by the time I sit down and did the line work, the light has completely changed. So I can't begin with the wash till I did the line work. It became a necessity to document (in photographs) and then finish the washes in the studio. It also became kinda stickler about the hour of the day. I may like that scene for the composition, if I see it at this hour, I might come back tomorrow morning, then the afternoon, then the evening, and see what light is best on here. And sometimes, I'll take a photograph and come back the next day or another day to draw it with that memory in mind.
Q: Do you do sketches before you start on a drawing?
P: No, I don't. I do Sketch, but I don't do very much for the strip. All the drawings are done straight to ink. Some pieces that I started in New York this simmer, and since I was traveling and wasn't there for very long, I basically did the minimum that I felt needed to do on site in order to finish them back here in the studio.
Q: Do you keep a Sketchbook then?
P: Whenever I go to draw, I want to make a final piece reflecting the same energy that would go into my sketchbook, so I have no need to keep a sketchbook. My actual sketchbook is more like a notebook; it's about writing the ideas down and formulating them as it goes.
I think when we make sketchbook, we'd think "this is just for practice, and if it looks bad, well, I’m doing it as an exercise, and nobody has to see it." but I found I was making my best drawings in my sketchbook. So I just want to take that and work on a nicer paper with nicer materials, but with the same attitude. Once you can get over with the fear of making the "best drawing" in you sketchbook, then you can run with it, I don't want to do things again, it's not laziness, I think there is something about the moment of discovery, while you're making the piece that is genuine, that you can't recreate. If I would sketch it first, I feel like in some way I'm following a guideline.
I want to find something organic while doing them. The only way to do that is just go straight to the page, and just start drawing, so it can be fun!

Q: I noticed in many of your recent pieces have a nice balance of space and complexity. Especially, the negative space that seems to give the reader a nice breathing room... is it something intentional?
P: I think my focus has shifter a little bit; I'm interested in the sky space. For a while, I've been paying attention mostly to the balance of shadow and light. Say there is the composition of the buildings and the scenes; but there is also a composition of light and shadows that come in. And the sky space becomes the shape in itself. It's like there are several pieces going on inside of one.

- This is a piece that I did in Paris, it's totally about the shapes, which is a wonderful shape that I felt indicative of Paris in general. You can get this really dramatic " lighting bolt " shapes. In N.Y., you can get them, but they're wide. Here I left the sky just the white negative shape, which wouldn't value the real sky would take on this time of day, it would be darker than the buildings. But it would have taken away the emphasis that was trying to make, which was really bring your focus to this negative space. There are 3 things going here, which are the powerful white negative shape, the odd gray architecture shapes popping out into the sky, and this dark and consistent shadows. And that's just the visual element of it. There is the emotional element that comes with the text.
Q: When you start to do a drawing, do you right away find the graphic shapes that are attracting you and decide those are what you gonna do?
P: I generally go to a site because of the beauty that I see is in the light or the composition or in the negative space. I very rarely say, "That's a pretty building I want to render that building".
Q: Does the story come when you're drawing?
P: Most of the time the story comes first. I'm always working on pieces of writing, and often I'll go out with a little story in my notebook, and say today, I'm drawing for this. Often times when I write something, I sort of know what I'm going for. I want the drawing and the text exist in harmony, other time to be contradicted. And I tend not to be too literal with my text, I don't like my drawings to be illustrations, because, personally, I feel illustration takes a back seat, it's almost arbitrary.
Q: Do you think about how to compose the text and the drawings together when you first have the ideas? When you go on location do you think about that?
P: Not for the later ones. For the earlier works, I laid things over and rearranged them like a collage, and post them digitally. Versus the more recent works, I leave the space for the text on the drawing, and make the composition, it's a very different approach, and that's just the evolution over the course of years, it stopped being about the frame.
Q: What do you think that evolution is? Why loosing using multi panels?
P: Part of it is because I wanted to spend more time on each individual image, and focus on the power of one, as suppose to a sequence. I'm just trying to create moments. I think comics is a lot about time, creates beats and passage of time ... But I felt like the AOC strip was about capturing a timeless moment. It was also about making the finish drawing as the final. I felt that I had multiple images before, and they were separated like the unfinished elements, and then it became the publication would be the finish piece. I guess I just want the strips to exist on their own - a solitary piece. And if I want to do comics, then go them differently. So now, I can just make these pieces and go publish them as they are without alterations. All the pieces after the AOC book are without borders now.
Q: Some says visuals in comics could limit the imagination from reading text, what do you think about that?
P: I think we read aesthetic, we feel aesthetic before our conscious mind. our feelings tell us what to think in regard of aesthetic, in my opinion.
I've been reading Ivan Brunnetti, who is my favorite cartoonist. Ivan's work is big, his comic goes to simplicity and creates these very flat scenes and these very basic characters. Without reading his comic, we know the aesthetic of it without going into it. We can almost ignore it. I think that's the wonderful things about cartoons. There is a consistency of it, and once we continue with the consistency, we never have to read them in that regard. We may watch what the characters and their little expressions are doing, but we really reading the text as if we're reading a book. And the aesthetic is underneath it all. For my strip, I sort of have a set of rules that I defined.
It took me 300 pieces probably, before I knew the rule of this strip that I created. In one way the rules made creating them easier, and made me start to explore different types of drawings and writing. Now there is not as much exploration in the strip. For the first couple of years, I was still figuring it out, and that was really fun and was the bulk of all my work, because everyday was like " what new can I do with this? How can I take this?" I have certain parameter that I knew the type of drawings, I knew the aesthetic of writing I want to do, but how I would put them together...?
Q: I found you're a very organized person?
P: I'm process oriented. It's about how I get to the final stage, not just the final stage. It looks like what it looks like because of every step I have taken along the way to get there. In general, I think the aesthetic is the result of every choice I made for tools, or how I set up the space. That's the part that no body sees, but without it, the drawings wouldn't look the way they do. How I live is a part of that process, and how I think about time and approach my day is a part of the aspects of my work.
When graduated in 1994, I had some friends I was in contact with, all had stopped making art for one reason or the. I thought they were blaming something else. If you want to do it, and you’ll find a way to do it. I only wanted to use materials that can be fitted in my backpack. And in a way, I’m still working off that idea. Though now I have fairly large studio, and I love it and I'll miss it if I don't have it, but if I lost it, it won't prevent me from making things. So I just began with whatever that can fit in my bag. and Over time, it grew to," well, how beautiful and finished can I make something with little materials ?" that's why I like to limit what I use. you learn about your materials, and you know how the result is gonna look like, so you know what tools I'll go to.
Q: I read somewhere that you have a note taking habit for your stories, can you talk about that a little bit?
P: I do, I'm an obsessive note taker. It started when I was working as a carpenter. I used to make cut sheets, and I'd write down measurements onto them. I always got these ideas, and I'd write down them on to the cut sheet. At the end of the week, I'd take this pile of cut sheets, and transcribe, edit them into a notebook. I'd find most of them terrible and one decent... and eventually, I'd just bring a notebook with me, and kept it at he end of my table. I came to find that we only have so much capacity to hold on these little ideas, and most of them are terrible. If 1 out of 10 ideas is worth pursuing; and 1 out of 10 of those actually goes somewhere. So it's like, 1 out of 100 is actually a decent idea. If you spend all day holding onto 1 idea, then you've got 100 days to come up with a good one. If you write it down, and forget about it and allow yourself to come up with another one, you might come up with 10 ideas per day, which means in 10 days you'll have a great idea! So I just created this habit that every time I come up with an idea, instead of judging it, I just write it down, and forget about it. When I come back to it and look at it, and I can say " oho! I can do something with that!" or I can't, and I'll just move on! That just the mental system I've developed organizing the ideas and see how I would work with them.
Q: Does any of the short stories ever inspire you to do a longer story of the same setting?
P: Since I begin with the stories most of the time, the images are chosen based on the story. Like the " Out of the Grape Vine" (published in Zyzzyva, Spring 2007) piece, when I wrote that it was only 10 sentences, it could have easily fit into the strip, but I knew forth that i wanted 10 pieces with it. Not trying to make 10 drawings into 1 panel, I image it to be something viewers can be engaged with one piece at a time, so you physically move through the space when looking at them. That's something I couldn't get publishing it in the newspaper that way. And the illumination of it comes from the texts and the story telling as well as through the images. As much as it's about what's not being shown, it's about what's being shown.

- A page from " Out of the Grape Vine"
Q: Though you wrote in your book that all stories are fictional, does any of them reflects how you felt at the time?
P: Of course it does, the idea of fiction is simply taking life and distorting it. We can argue about what a true story is anyway. Fiction for me is that, I see something and take an element of that and build on it as my inspiration. I think that’s the most creative aspect of it. The drawing is created in a craft way, but the writing is really about just being able to build and make something. That's why flash fiction is a very interesting idea for me. Something consumes very quickly, but you're involved in the story and out of it quickly.
Q: Are any writers or artists that you like and inspired at the moment?
P: I’m reading a lot of short story collections and flash fictions, not really about which writers, but more about genre. Artists at the moment are: Edward Hopper, who can create these beautiful moments, and is wonderful with light, and there is this richness and peacefulness; Wayne Thirbaud , the way he uses shape against shadows, and uses of colors, and plays with design over representations, he works over reality and distorts it; Raymond Pettibon , he works with blurring the lines between comics and art, and uses texts and image, and he also works with streams of conscious. I like his different uses of fonts, but you're not gonna come away with any stories. Versus, I want to tell a story, all my pieces are more clean, but I like that he'd just go off this way (rough brush strokes and shapes ), and it's all very immediate and the whole idea of working on site- you just pull out ideas and make something, and it's done !
In a way, I disguise my craft because of how much detail layering I do, versus Raymond is more spontaneously, that's the way I love about him.
